|
Teip (also taip and taipa, Vaynakh тайпа : ''family, kin, clan, tribe''〔Нохчийн-Оьрсийн словарь (Chechen-Russian Dictionary, A.G. Matsiyev, Moscow, 1961), ''also available online:'' (Чеченско-Русский словарь: “схьаIенадала-такхадала” ); ''and'' (Ингушско-Русский словарь ''(online Ingush-Russian dictionary)'' ) 〕) is a Chechen and Ingush tribal organization or clan, self-identified through descent from a common ancestor and geographic location. There are about 130-233 teips (though some sources state that there may be as many as 300). More than 20 teips originated from newcomers, in particular Avars, Kumyks, Jews, Georgians, Russians, Turks. The taips descending of non-Ingush or non-Chechen ancestors are called ''impure teips'' (in other language: su’lijn taipa, соьли тайпа). A teip's internal dynamic is based on honor and blood feuds plays major role. The teip membership and the tukkhum membership defined the social position of a Chechen. The lack of any affiliation of a person can be described as “This man has neither a teip nor a tukkhum”. ==Traditional teip rules and features== Common teip rules and some features:〔(Traditional Social Organisation of Chechen people )〕 * The right of communal land tenure * Common revenge for murder of a teip member or insulting of the members of a teip * Unconditional exogamy * Election of a teip representative for Tukhum Council of Elders. * Election of a headman * Election of a military head (in other languages: bjachi, bjači, бячча) in case of war * Election of a Council of Elders without property qualification * Open sessions of the Council of Elders * Equal right of all members of the Council of Elders * The right of the teip to depose its representatives * Representation of women by male relatives * The right of the adoption of outside people * The transfer of property of departed to members of the teips * Every teip has a name derived from the ancestor * The teip has a defined territory and a traditional mountain * The teip had a teip tower or another building or natural monument convenient as a shelter, e.g. a fortress, cave or rock * In the past the teip had its own Godhead * The teip had specific festivities, customs, traditions and habits * The teip had an own taip cemetery * There was a common teip hospitality 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Teip」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|
